WNC Orchard Insect Pest Populations – August 17, 2021

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Brown Marmorated Stink Bug: First generation adult emergence is underway in all production areas, ranging from only about 10% of the population in Henderson County to almost 70% complete in the lower elevations of Cleveland and Lincoln Counties (see below). While total numbers are beginning to level off in lower elevations, expect numbers to continue to increase over the next month in higher elevations.Emergence chart image

In recent years we’ve learned that Granny Smith are highly attractive to BMSB and incur much more damage than any other cultivar. Under high BMSB pressure, even weekly spray intervals have not prevented damage on Grannies. With the exception of Gala, significant damage has been observed on most other cultivars under high BMSB pressure, particularly Pink Lady, Golden Delicious, Delicious, Rome, and Fuji.

Apple orchardDepending on harvest date, in past years one or two well-timed pyrethroid sprays in late August and early to mid-September has provided good control on non-Granny culitvars harvested in mid to late September. However, BMSB populations can vary considerably among locations, For instance, the mean adult capture on traps in commercial orchards during the past week averaged 6.0 per trap, but ranged from 0 to 30. If unsure of the population density in your orchard, one should probably assume that an average of 6 adults per trap over one week warrants a spray.

Other Pests:  Populations of other key pests that occur at this time have been relatively low, including apple maggot, codling moth, and oriental fruit moth. There has been some damage to apples reported that has been difficult to identify, but at this time it is assumed to be caused by first-generation plum curculio adults. First-generation adults emerge during the month of July and into early August in North Carolina, and before seeking overwintering sites they will feed on fruit. In some instances, particularly lower elevations, they may also oviposit, but this is not common where apples are grown.

Suspected first generation adult plum curculio damage

Suspected 1st generation adult plum curculio damage


Learn more about southeastern apple insect pests at the Apple Insect Management page.


2021 Average Weekly Trap Captures

HENDERSON COUNTY
Insects per trap
Aug 2 Aug 9 Aug 16
Codling moth  2.0 0.5 0.5
Oriental fruit moth 19.5 20.0 17.5
Tufted apple bud moth 1.0 0.0 0.0
Redbanded leafroller 4.0 0.0 0.0
Obliquebanded leafroller 2.0 2.0 1.0
Lesser appleworm 0.0 0.0 0.0
Apple maggot (abandoned and research orchards) 0.0 0.7 0.7
Brown marmorated stink bug (commercial) 3.0 7.5 6.5
Brown marmorated stink bug (unsprayed) 3.4 3.9 4.5
Spotted tentiform leafminer 4.0 0.0 10.0
Dogwood borer 21.0 25.0 33.0
Peachtree borer 3.0 15.0 9.0
Lesser peachtree borer 9.0 15.0 24.0
San Jose scale 0.0 2.5 0.0

*Note that these averages illustrate only the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in populations, and are not representative of population levels in any given orchard. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.


2021 Accumulated Degree Days

HENDERSON COUNTY
Aug 2 Aug 9 Aug 16
Codling moth (Biofix: April 10)
1858 2000 2175
Oriental fruit moth (Biofix: March 27)
2491 2668 2879
Tufted apple bud moth (Biofix: April 30)
2132 2309 2520

About degree-day models


2021 Pest Trends (click to enlarge)

Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends Chart showing insect population trends


Visit WNC Orchard Insect Populations for archived posts.


Additional Resources